Well-drilling bit for oil, water, or gas



I. D. PACE.

wl-:LL DRILLING Bw Foa on, WATER, oR GAS.

APPLICATION FILED .IULY 19.1919. Q

Patented Aug. 24, 1920.

INVENTOR,

.Paca

A'I'TORNEY WITN ESSES JEFFERSON D. PACE, OIF SBREVEPGRT, LOUISIANA, ASSIGNOR T 0 ACME OIL @e DRILL G0., INC., OF SHREVEPOBJT, LOUISIANA, A CRPORATION UF LUISAN.

"WELLDBLLING lBlET FOR OIL, VATER, 0R lllul.

hasta .application tiled Tilly 1.9, i919. Serial No. 312,024.

bits for oil, water or gas, and its Objectis.

to provide a deep well bit by means of which samples of the cuttings may be obtained from' time to time and the alinement of the bore ma be maintained. n accordance with the invention, a hollow drill rod is employed in order that water may be supplied tothe drill bits and.

the cuttings may be removed as the drilling progresses. The hollow rod is provided with a head or coupling at the drilling end for carrying a suitable number of bits, and in conjunction with the bits the coupling carries a core barrel capable of receiving a core cutter or a centering bit, whereby the alinement of the bore is maintained. Provision is made for feeding water tothe active ends of the cutters to clear them from theV cuttings, and the core barrel, which may be relatively short, has at its upper` end an upwardly opening valve permitting the-escape of water therethrough but retaining the core produced by the core cutter.

T he invention will be best understood fromA a consideration of the followingdetailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification, with lthe understanding, however, that the invention is not confined to any strict conformity with the showing of the drawing, but may be changed and modified so long as such changes and modifications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention as eX- pressed in the appended claims.

ln thev drawing Figure l is a longitudinal diametric section of the cutting end of the drill rod.

Fig. 2 is an'elevation of the drill holding body.

Specification of Letters Fatent.

Patented Aug.. 2d, i920,

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. l. y l

Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. l but restrictedto the lower or cutting end of the drill and showing a centering bit in place.

F1g.-5 is a perspective view of a valve cap for the upper end ofthe core barrel.

Fig. 6 1s a perspective view of one of the drill bits.`

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal, section of the centering bit shownin 'F ig. d. 2

Referring to: the drawing there is shown a hollow drill rod 1l which may be of any suitable length and, following the usual custom, may be considered as made up fof numerous sections screwed together.

A'coupling'sleeve k2 is screwed'at one yend onto the lower end of the rod l and at an intermediate portion 'of its length is provided with internal screw-threads 3 to receive a block or body 4 exteriorly threaded to fit the screw-threads 3. The lower end of the coupling'2 has an interior iiare or bevel 5 to receive a correspondingly flared extension 6 of the body 4, which flared extension is provided with a circumferential series of grooves '7 each-receiving a cutting bit 8. Extending axially through the body member 4 and` its lextension 6 `is a bore or passage 9 having screw-threaded() at what constitutes its upper end and other screwthreads l1 at what con'sititutesl its lower end. Each groove 7 at the upper end has an angle extension or slot l2 whichA may open into the bore 9 radially thereof. Each groove 7 receives a bit8 which consists of a body member with a llaterally expanded cutting end 13 having a beveled'edge let constituting the active edge of the cutter and a shank l5 with a bevel wall' 16 conforming tothe bevel 5 at one end of the coupling 2. At the small end of the shank l5 there is provided a lateral projection ,17 adapted toenter the extension l2 of the groove 7 in which the cutter is seated. rlhe cutter is provided with a straight wall 18 on the side opposite from the wall 16. When the cutters are placed in the grooves 7 the projections 17 enter the extensions l2 so that the cutters are held against movement longitudinally of the body member or cutter carrier t and the bevel wall 5 engages the edges 16 of the cutters, thereby locking them firmly inplace. x

' There are two center cutters provided, one center cutter 19 being hollow and open at both ends with one end 2O exteriorly screw-threaded'to lodge `in the threads 11 of the bore 9. The other or outer end of the cutter 19 is provided with a circular series of teeth 21 which may be similar to milling teeth and are designed to cut their way into the material being bored, leaving a core which 'will pass through the cutter 19 and enter the bore 9 and nallyenter a core barrel 22, the lower end of which is screwed into the bore 9 by way-of the screwthreads 10.

The other cutter, which is shown in Figs. 4: and 7, is a double-bevel cutter or center bit 23 with the basic end 24 suitably threadedon the exteriorfto be held by the screwthreads 11. lThe basic end 24 is provided with passages 25 on opposite sides of the cutting end of the bit 23 and opening. through the end 24 into the bore 9. The

core cutter 19 and center bit 23 are interchangeable, the core cutter being employed when it is desired to obtain samples of the material being bored and the bit 23 being used as a centering or directing bit for the boring tooll as a whole, it being understood that the boring or drilling tool is a rotary affair. The cutter 19, as Fig. 1 discloses, extends Well below the drilling bits 9 so as to act itself as a centering bit when cores are being bored.

The body fi is provided with passages or longitudinal ducts 26 outside of the bore 9 so that water ted through the drill rod will r'ind its way to the cutters and will pass up through the well bore around the drill rod. The upper end of the core barrel 22 is threaded to receive a perforated cap 27 coniining a valve disk 28 by means of a spring 29 inclosed by the cap 27.

Considering the drill as provided with the center bit 23 and that the ,drill rod is being rotated, the centering bit acts in advance of the cutters 8, which latter have their active edges close to the active end of the centering bit so that the, wellbore is produced to the full diameter determined by the cutters 8 but with a center guiding bore corresponding in size to the bit 23. ln thismanner the well bore is alined even to great depths whether the ground be sott or rocky. When it is desired to obtain samples of .the material being bored the core cutter19 is substituted for the center bit 23 and then as the boring proceeds the core cutter produces a core which enters into the core barrel 22, the valve 28 yielding to the escape of material in the' barrel 22 pushed before the core by.

the latter.' ln this manner samples showing the character of the ground are obtainable from time to time. The core cutter 19 having its cutting edge well below the cutting edges of the drilling bits will act as a centering bit as well as a core cutter so that the tool will be held in alinement with the bore. When the boring is proceeding in the usual manner without the necessity of obtaining samples the center cutter 23 is used, whereby any tendency of the drill bit to deflect is prevented. y

The construction of the boring tool as a whole is such that it may be readily dismantled for sharpening or replacing the cutters, or for removing sample cores showing the character of the'v material being bored.

1. In a well drilling tool, a hollow drill rod, a coupling .sleeve screwed upon the lower end of the drill rod, a block received within and screwed to the sleeve but spaced from the end of the drill rod, said block having a dared extension at its'lower end, said extension having a circumferential series of slots, bits held upon the tool, said bits having beveled edges conforming to the flare of the extension, lateral extensions on each bit and adapted to lit said slots for holding the bits against longitudinal movement, said coupling sleeve being internally beveled to coperate with the beveled edges of the bits to hold the bits in clamped position with their lateral extensions received within the slots.

2. In a well drilling tool, a block secured to said tool, said block having a central bore with aplurality of slots opening into said bore radially thereof, a plurality of bits each comprising a shank having a straight edge or wall and a beveled wall, each ci said bits also having a laterally expanded cutting end at one extremity and a lateral projection at the other extremity, each oi said lateral projections extending through one of said slots, a bit clamping means coperating with the beveled walls ofthe bits to hold the same in place upon the tool.

3. In a well drilling tool, a hollow drill rod, a coupling sleeve connected to the lower end thereof and having an interior bevel and internal screw threads above the bevel, a body member having a iiared extension. to iit the bevel of the sleeve, and external screw threads to engage the threads of the sleeve 'so as to hold the body member within the sleeve and below the end oft the drill rod, a core barrel carried by the body member and extending upwardly within the drill rod, drill bits carried by the body member and having an outer beveled wall corresponding with the bevel of the sleeve, and a central cutter also carried by the body between the drill bits and extending below the plane of cutting edges of said its.

4. In a well drilling tool, a hollow drill' rod, a coupling sleeve connected to the lower end thereof, a body member retained within the coupling sleeve, said body member having a central longitudinal bore and a plurality of circumferential grooves each receiving a cutting bit, and a central eut- 10 ting device connected to said bore and surrounded by said bits, said device havin its lower end extending below the cutting p ane of the bits.v

in testimony that I claim the orefoing as my own, I have hereto afxed my signa- 15 ture.

JEFFERSON l). PACE. YWitnesses:

A. M. PYBURN, R. C. CULPEPPER. 

